Ancestry and global distribution 216 items
Why medians differ by ancestry, why risk per nmol/L largely does not, and what that means for thresholds and for who qualifies for the outcomes trials.
Studies
- LPA is the genome-wide signal for aortic valve calcification and stenosis (Thanassoulis et al., NEJM 2013)
- How much Lp(a) lowering equals 1 mmol/L of LDL-C? The Mendelian randomisation answer (Burgess et al., JAMA Cardiol 2018)
- The apo(a) gene accounts for more than 90 percent of the variation in plasma Lp(a) (Boerwinkle et al., JCI 1992)
- Muvalaplin, the first oral inhibitor of Lp(a) formation: phase 1 (Nicholls et al., JAMA 2023)
- Lp(a) and incident ASCVD in 460,506 UK Biobank participants (Patel et al., ATVB 2021)
- How much Lp(a) lowering for a clinically relevant CHD reduction? The Lp(a)-GWAS-Consortium estimate (Lamina and Kronenberg, JAMA Cardiol 2019)
- Lp(a) and myocardial infarction across seven ethnic groups: INTERHEART (Paré et al., Circulation 2019)
- Thirty-year cardiovascular risk in healthy women by Lp(a) threshold: the Women's Health Study (Nordestgaard AT et al., JAMA Cardiol 2026)
- Lp(a) and recurrent ASCVD in 273,770 US patients: risk rises continuously to a hazard ratio of 1.45 above 300 nmol/L (MacDougall et al., EHJ 2025)
- Only 13 percent of coronary patients worldwide would meet a 150 nmol/L trial threshold: INTERASPIRE (Barkas et al., JACC 2025)
- Aspirin benefits older adults with Lp(a)-raising genotypes in primary prevention: ASPREE (Lacaze et al., JACC 2022)
- Lp(a) levels in a global ASCVD population: Lp(a)HERITAGE (Nissen et al., Open Heart 2022)
- AHA scientific statement: Lp(a) is a genetically determined, causal and prevalent risk factor for ASCVD (Reyes-Soffer et al., ATVB 2022)
- An LC-MS/MS candidate reference method for standardising Lp(a) measurement (Marcovina et al., Clin Chem 2021)
- Lp(a) predicts cardiovascular events in Black and White adults alike: ARIC (Virani et al., Circulation 2012)
- The mysteries of lipoprotein(a) (Utermann, Science 1989)
- Lp(a) and venous thromboembolism: a signal in premenopausal women and in postmenopausal MHT users, none in men (Ezzat et al., EHJ 2026)
- Regular aspirin use and lower incidence of aortic valve calcium and severe stenosis in people with high Lp(a): MESA (Razavi et al., EHJ 2026)
- Lp(a) and interleukin-6 are independent, additive predictors of coronary events: MESA and UK Biobank (Bhatia et al., JACC 2025)
- PREVENT equations perform well but Lp(a) adds independent risk, most in borderline- and low-risk people: MESA and UK Biobank (Bhatia et al., JAMA Cardiol 2025)
- The Brussels International Declaration on Lp(a) testing and management (Kronenberg et al., Atherosclerosis 2025)
- Elevated Lp(a) in 2.9 million Chinese adults and its association with multisite subclinical atherosclerosis (Man et al., JACC 2025)
- Aspirin use and lower CHD events in people with Lp(a) above 50 mg/dL: MESA (Bhatia et al., JAHA 2024)
- Lp(a) testing in a large US academic health system: 0.3 percent of adults over ten years (Bhatia et al., JAHA 2023)
- Thirty frequent questions on the 2022 EAS Lp(a) consensus, answered (Kronenberg, Mora, Stroes et al., Atherosclerosis 2023)
- Ancestry, Lp(a) and cardiovascular risk thresholds (Tsimikas and Marcovina, JACC 2022)
- Lp(a) genetics beyond the kringle IV repeat (Coassin and Kronenberg, Atherosclerosis 2022)
- Whole-genome sequencing of Lp(a) in European and African ancestries (Zekavat et al., Nat Commun 2018)
- NHLBI working group recommendations to reduce Lp(a)-mediated risk of CVD and aortic stenosis (Tsimikas et al., JACC 2018)
- LPA variants, apo(a) isoforms and events differ by ethnicity: the Dallas Heart Study (Lee et al., Circulation 2017)
- Lp(a): the impact of ethnicity and of environmental and medical conditions (Enkhmaa et al., J Lipid Res 2016)
- The Beijing Heart Society issues an expert scientific statement on Lp(a) and cardiovascular disease specific to the Chinese population (JACC Asia 2022)
- Combined LDL-C, Lp(a) and hsCRP identify highest ASCVD risk across ethnicities, multiethnic HELIUS cohort of 15,676 (J Am Coll Cardiol 2026)
- Lp(a) causally affects coronary disease and HbA1c but not diabetes risk, UK Biobank phenome-wide MR of 425,677 (JACC Adv 2026)
- Taiwan Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis issues 2026 Lp(a) consensus on diagnosis and risk management (J Formos Med Assoc 2026)
- Korean Lp(a) task force proposes a 3-tier classification (30/50 mg/dL) tailored to Korean cohorts, position paper (J Lipid Atheroscler 2026)
- Elevated Lp(a) more than doubles myocardial infarction risk in 16,117 US Hispanic and Latino adults, a long-underrepresented population (J Am Coll Cardiol 2025)
- Only 1 in 20 young ischemic stroke patients had ever been tested for Lp(a) by 2024, despite testing more than doubling since 2015, 188,305-patient US analysis finds (J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2026)
- Over a quarter of 17,594 US patients with premature ASCVD have Lp(a) of 125 nmol/L or above, with Black patients showing the highest levels (J Clin Lipidol 2025)
- Lp(a) of 30 mg/dL or above predicts MACE in both primary and secondary prevention, 51,934-subject Taiwanese study confirms the threshold (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2025)
- Each 50 mg/dL rise in Lp(a) raises premature ASCVD risk by 30% in a pooled 27,756-person, multi-ethnic US cohort (Am J Prev Cardiol 2025)
- Lp(a) stays stable at the extremes but a third of mid-range patients reclassify to higher risk, 230,018-adult Korean study finds (Atherosclerosis 2025)
- A new genomic method predicting Lp(a) from exome data flags high-risk individuals better than prior tools, especially outside European ancestry, 76,147-person study finds (JACC Basic Transl Sci 2025)
- Just 0.8% of a diverse 266,612-person US cohort had ever been tested for Lp(a), with Black participants 32% less likely to be tested, All of Us study finds (JACC Adv 2025)
- Lp(a)'s causal effect on MI and large-artery stroke matches across East Asian and European ancestry, Mendelian randomization study finds (Circulation 2025)
- Elevated Lp(a) plus high hs-CRP together confer the highest ASCVD risk, pooled 15,933-person ARIC/FOS/MESA analysis finds, especially in men and at intermediate baseline risk (Nutrients 2025)
- Lp(a) in the top quintile nearly doubles stroke/TIA odds and doubles cerebral injury odds in 16,333 Hispanic and Latino adults, HCHS/SOL study finds (Stroke 2025)
- Genetically predicted Lp(a) tracks coronary plaque severity independent of LDL-C in nearly 23,000 Million Veteran Program participants (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2025)
- In 44,354 Korean adults, having both high Lp(a) and coronary calcium raises ASCVD odds 2.4-fold, more than either marker alone (J Clin Lipidol 2025)
- A Lancet review by Nordestgaard and Langsted finds one in five people carry high-risk Lp(a), as five lowering drugs achieve 65-98% reductions in trials (Lancet 2024)
- Pooling MESA, CARDIA, JHS, FHS and ARIC over 21 years, top-decile Lp(a) raises ASCVD risk 46% overall and 92% in people with diabetes (J Am Coll Cardiol 2024)
- Genetically higher Lp(a) raises atrial fibrillation risk in Europeans but not in a Chinese cohort, a Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis of 2.1 million participants (Curr Probl Cardiol 2024)
- In 16,150 Chinese coronary disease patients, the lowest Lp(a) quintile, not the highest, had the most bleeding at 2 years (Thromb Haemost 2024)
- Median Lp(a) ranges from 12 to 41 nmol/L across Hispanic/Latino backgrounds in the US, tracking genetic ancestry, in 16,117 HCHS/SOL participants (JAMA Cardiol 2023)
- Lp(a) above 50 mg/dL raises cardiovascular mortality risk by 83% independent of LDL cholesterol, in 275,430 Korean adults (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023)
- APOH, encoding beta2-glycoprotein I, emerges as a new genetic locus for Lp(a) levels, a GWAS of 293,274 UK Biobank participants (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021)
- Lp(a) predicts ischemic stroke risk nearly twice as strongly in Black versus White Americans, the REGARDS study of 30,239 adults (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019)
- Lp(a) link to carotid plaque is strongest in white participants and weaker in Black participants, the multi-ethnic MESA study of 5,155 adults (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019)
- Lp(a) raises heart failure risk in white participants only, not in Black, Hispanic or Chinese participants, the MESA study of 6,809 adults (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018)
- The standard 30 mg/dL Lp(a) cutoff misses risk in white and Hispanic adults, who need the 50 mg/dL threshold instead, the MESA study across 4 races (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015)
- Statins do not lower Lp(a), yet Lp(a) still predicts residual cardiovascular risk after statin therapy, a JUPITER trial analysis of 9612 participants (Circulation 2014)
- Lipoprotein(a) and residual cardiovascular risks in Japanese patients with coronary artery disease who achieve guideline-recommended LDL-C goals
- Comparative associations of LDL-C, Lp(a), hsCRP, and IL-6 with cardiovascular risk: Insights from the UK Biobank and MESA
- Zerlasiran cuts Lp(a) by up to 97.8% in a Japanese phase 1 trial of 18 participants (J Atheroscler Thromb 2026)
- Lp(a) mortality risk varies by race and ethnicity in NHANES III, 22.6-year mean follow-up (Am J Cardiol 2026)
- Lp(a) concentration and fewer KIV-2 repeats each independently predict MI risk in China, INTERHEART China study of 4,479 (Lipids Health Dis 2026)
- Triple lipid-lowering therapy after ACS cuts LDL-C 59% but raises Lp(a) 91%, Indian cohort of 345 (J Clin Lipidol 2026)
- Lp(a) drives adverse cardiac remodeling only in Hispanic adults, MESA cohort of 2,366 (Circ Popul Health Outcomes 2026)
- Lp(a)FRONTIERS EXPANSION enrols 422 Black and Hispanic patients for a pelacarsen trial, ahead of schedule (Am J Prev Cardiol 2026)
- Elevated Lp(a) predicts mortality only in high traditional cardiovascular risk, NHANES III cohort with follow-up to 2019 (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2026)
- Elevated Lp(a) improves 20-year ASCVD risk reclassification beyond HellenicSCOREII+, two Greek cohorts (J Clin Lipidol 2026)
- Lp(a) concentrations vary more than 100-fold by ancestry, yet the relative ASCVD risk per unit is universal, review of ancestral variation finds (Curr Atheroscler Rep 2025)
- Nearly one in three Argentines has elevated Lp(a), and it predicts MACE most strongly in statin-naive patients, GAELp(a) registry of 3,000 finds (Atherosclerosis 2025)
- Higher Lp(a) predicts secondary events after first-time ACS, with levels highest in Indian and lowest in Māori patients, New Zealand's multi-ethnic MENZACS study finds (Atherosclerosis 2025)
- Only half of physicians with access to Lp(a) testing use it routinely, and a third can't define an elevated result, INTERASPIRE survey across 7 countries finds (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2025)
- A single olpasiran dose cut Lp(a) by up to 99.2% in Chinese participants, phase 1 trial finds, with no ethnic dose adjustment needed (Clin Ther 2025)
- 1 in 5 patients show high Lp(a) variability between tests, with the biggest risk-category churn in the 'gray zone,' Korean multicenter study of 5,305 finds (Lipids Health Dis 2025)
- German men have more than double the Lp(a) of German women, and 1 in 5 adults from a pre-statin-era population exceeded 50 mg/dL, national survey finds (JACC Adv 2025)
- An optimal Life's Simple 7 score cuts ASCVD risk regardless of Lp(a) level, MESA cohort of 6,676 finds, but elevated Lp(a) still carries higher absolute risk at every lifestyle score (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2025)
- Elevated Lp(a) does not predict new or progressing coronary calcium, large 41,929-person Korean cohort finds, challenging a common risk-marker assumption (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2025)
- One in four South Asians has Lp(a) above 50 mg/dL, helping explain heart attacks nearly a decade earlier than in Europeans, review argues (J Am Heart Assoc 2025)
- Phenotypic clustering splits high-Lp(a) patients into four ASCVD-risk subgroups, RED-CARPET study of 11,629 (Clin Res Cardiol 2026)
- Only 0.5% of 150,083 Mexican tertiary-care patients were tested for Lp(a), and just 26% of those with elevated levels got risk-modifying treatment (Lipids Health Dis 2025)
- Elevated Lp(a) predicts heart failure in White but not Black participants, pooled 16,771-person ARIC/MESA/FOS analysis finds, largely via prior heart attack (J Am Heart Assoc 2025)
- Lp(a) above 15 mg/dL raises 1-year MACE risk 68% after stroke or TIA, specifically in atherothrombotic subtype, Japanese cohort of 533 finds (Atherosclerosis 2025)
- One in four Russians has Lp(a) above 30 mg/dL, and levels run higher in women, 73,763-patient national cohort finds (Kardiologiia 2025)
- High Lp(a) is linked to diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Asian but not European studies, meta-analysis of 18,022 type 2 diabetes patients finds (Diabetol Metab Syndr 2025)
- Measured Lp(a) molar concentration outperforms LPA genetic variants for predicting coronary disease severity in 3,779 Han Chinese patients (Lipids Health Dis 2025)
- Systematic review of 153,192 participants confirms a dose-dependent Lp(a)-aortic valve disease link, strongest above 50 mg/dL (Front Cardiovasc Med 2025)
- Lp(a)HERITAGE US subanalysis finds only 14% of 7,679 ASCVD patients had ever been tested, despite median Lp(a) 2.5-fold higher in Black participants (J Clin Lipidol 2025)
- Across 5 US health systems, just 0.4% of 595,684 ASCVD patients were tested for Lp(a), with older and Black patients tested least (J Am Heart Assoc 2024)
- Lp(a) predicts cardiovascular events specifically in very-high-risk ASCVD patients, not lower-risk ones, in 9,944 Chinese patients (MedComm 2024)
- A new nanopore sequencing method resolves the notoriously complex LPA KIV-2 repeat region with near-ddPCR accuracy across five ancestries (Genome Med 2024)
- Just 0.42% of 700,580 Japanese ASCVD-prevention patients were tested for Lp(a), despite 7% of those tested exceeding the risk threshold, claims database study finds (J Atheroscler Thromb 2025)
- PROMISE trial analysis of 1,815 patients finds elevated Lp(a) predicts obstructive coronary disease regardless of LDL-C control, but not high-risk plaque (Am J Cardiol 2024)
- A repeat Lp(a) test reclassifies over half of patients out of the EAS 'grey zone', in a study of 609 individuals (Eur Heart J Open 2024)
- A Polynesian-specific SLC22A3 gene variant lowers Lp(a) independent of apo(a) isoform size in 302 Māori and Pacific men (Biosci Rep 2024)
- Review by Koschinsky, Rosenson and colleagues explains why Lp(a) runs up to threefold higher across racial groups and 5-10% higher in women (J Am Heart Assoc 2024)
- Black and Hispanic ASCVD patients had Lp(a) tested at roughly a tenth the rate of White patients, despite higher median levels, in 56,833 records (medRxiv 2024)
- Among 13,689 tested Californians, Black patients had 2.5-fold higher odds of Lp(a) above 50 mg/dL than the overall population (JACC Adv 2024)
- Meta-analysis of 100,540 participants finds elevated Lp(a) more than doubles premature ASCVD risk, strongest in South Asians (Eur Heart J Open 2024)
- Reyes-Soffer, Yeang, Michos and Ballantyne argue Lp(a) population screening should start now, ahead of phase 3 apo(a)-lowering trial results (Am J Prev Cardiol 2024)
- Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients are tested for Lp(a) far less often than white patients despite higher levels, in 56,833 US medical records (J Clin Lipidol 2024)
- One in five people of European ancestry has elevated Lp(a), and new RNA drugs can lower it more than 95%, a review by three leading Lp(a) researchers (Pharmacol Res 2023)
- Lp(a) above 50 mg/dL raises carotid plaque risk by 30% in a Chinese population distribution study of 411,634 adults (Atherosclerosis 2023)
- Only 0.25% of 2.4 million patients in a US healthcare network have ever had Lp(a) measured, with striking demographic testing gaps (J Clin Lipidol 2023)
- Pelacarsen lowers Lp(a) by up to 106% in healthy Japanese subjects, supporting the 80 mg monthly dose used in the Lp(a)HORIZON trial (J Clin Lipidol 2023)
- Olpasiran cuts Lp(a) by up to 99% with similar effect in Japanese and non-Japanese subjects, a phase 1 dose-finding trial (Clin Ther 2022)
- Lp(a) stays remarkably stable over 25 years, but people from eastern Finland run 20% higher levels than western Finns, the Young Finns Study (Atherosclerosis 2022)
- Lp(a) predicts coronary disease and its severity across ethnicities, highest in Asian Indians, in a multi-ethnic study of 2,025 Southeast Asian patients (Atherosclerosis 2022)
- Lp(a) predicts aortic valve calcium in Whites and Blacks but not South Asians, despite South Asians having higher Lp(a) than Whites, in MASALA and MESA (Atherosclerosis 2020)
- 1 in 7 Americans has Lp(a) above the risk threshold, and Lp(a) predicts heart attack but not stroke in a nationally representative cohort of 8214 (J Clin Lipidol 2020)
- Different Lp(a) assay methods perform similarly for predicting valve and coronary disease, but only in white participants, a MESA study of 4679 adults (Clin Chem 2017)
- Lp(a), not apo(a) size, independently predicts unexplained stroke in young white adults, a case-control study of 255 stroke patients (Atherosclerosis 2016)
- The standard 30 mg/dL Lp(a) cutoff predicts aortic valve calcification in white and Black adults, but not Hispanics or Chinese, the MESA study of 4678 adults (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016)
- Higher Lp(a) is linked to lower diabetes risk in a Chinese cohort of 10,122 adults (J Lipid Res 2015)
- Elevated Lp(a) predicts stent restenosis, especially in Asian patients, a meta-analysis of 9 studies and 1834 patients (Atherosclerosis 2013)
- HIV disease control raises apo(a) levels tied to atherogenic small isoforms, a study of 139 white and 168 Black HIV-positive patients (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013)
- Lp(a) above 25 mg/dL affects 30% of Caucasians and up to 70% of Black people, a rationale for developing targeted Lp(a) therapies (J Am Coll Cardiol 2012)
- Despite 2-3 times higher Lp(a), Black adults show no link between Lp(a) and coronary calcium, the Dallas Heart Study of 761 Black and 527 white adults (Circulation 2005)
- Lp(a) impairs blood vessel function most strongly in African Americans, who have nearly 4 times higher levels than Caucasians, a multiethnic study of 89 people (J Am Coll Cardiol 2004)
- Lp(a) predicts ASCVD, coronary disease and prior MI but not stroke, 23,654-person Polish real-world cohort (J Clin Lipidol 2026)
- Lp(a) is roughly twice as prevalent in coronary heart disease patients as in the Czech general population, 2001-subject study (Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2026)
- Lp(a) testing is available but underused in Argentina, national survey of 518 laboratories and 18,159 test results (J Clin Lipidol 2026)
- Higher Lp(a) grade tracks with CAD, PAD, retinopathy and CKD but not stroke in Japanese type 2 diabetes, cohort of 1,465 (J Atheroscler Thromb 2026)
- High Lp(a) raises coronary heart disease risk only alongside high hsCRP in a 4128-person Chinese cohort (Clin Chim Acta 2026)
- First nmol/L-standardised Lp(a) distribution in Japanese patients proposes 25 and 125 nmol/L risk thresholds, LEAP study (J Atheroscler Thromb 2026)
- Elevated Lp(a) predicts higher 6-month MACE risk after myocardial infarction, Bosnian cohort of 150 (Med Sci Basel 2026)
- Queensland Lp(a) testing rose from 652 to 4,364 tests a year over a decade, still underused (Heart Lung Circ 2026)
- About 1 in 10 Finnish adults has elevated Lp(a), nationally representative survey of 5,484 (Lipids Health Dis 2026)
- Cutting saturated fat reshapes the Lp(a) lipidome in African Americans, randomised trial of 166 (J Lipid Res 2026)
- PCSK9 inhibitors lower Lp(a) by 20-30%, with tafolecimab strongest in East Asians, review (J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2026)
- Lp(a) tracks coronary stenosis severity and Gensini score, Chinese angiography cohort of 778 (Rev Cardiovasc Med 2026)
- Lp(a) is higher in Japanese coronary disease patients than controls, comparative study of 3,710 (Circ Rep 2026)
- High Lp(a) predicts worse long-term outcomes after STEMI in Japanese patients, 868-patient cohort (Circ J 2026)
- Lp(a) contributes 15% of circulating apoB in Asian healthcare workers with very high Lp(a), cohort of 1,927 (Lipids Health Dis 2026)
- Sequencing advances resolve LPA genetic architecture across ancestries, but the Lp(a) receptor stays elusive, review (Curr Opin Lipidol 2026)
- Lp(a) doubles peripheral arterial disease risk in type 2 diabetes, cohort of 590 (Br J Hosp Med Lond 2026)
- Elevated Lp(a) links to multivessel disease and high coronary calcium across two Spanish prevention cohorts of 1,043 (Am J Prev Cardiol 2026)
- Lp(a) independently predicts premature coronary disease 5-fold regardless of PCSK9, Malaysian cohort of 204 (Sci Rep 2026)
- A Kazakhstani angiographic cohort finds obstructive coronary disease risk rising at Lp(a) of just 37 nmol/L, well below Western thresholds (Front Med (Lausanne) 2026)
- Fixed 30% Lp(a)-cholesterol correction can misclassify risk, review calls for harmonised molar reporting (Int J Gen Med 2026)
- Combining Lp(a) with the Suita score improves high-risk plaque prediction in Japanese patients, cohort of 272 (J Atheroscler Thromb 2026)
- Lp(a) and PCSK9 are markedly elevated in first ACS but don't track coronary severity, Indian cohort of 160 (Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev 2026)
- LDL-C in the normal range cannot rule out very high Lp(a), Danish cohort of 1,346 (Lipids 2026)
- Nearly a quarter of a Dubai multiethnic cohort has high-risk Lp(a), independent of LDL-C, study of 746 (Int J Cardiol 2026)
- Smoking is inversely linked to Lp(a) in a Korean cohort of 146,129 (J Lipid Atheroscler 2026)
- A systematic review of Lp(a) in Japanese cardiovascular disease patients confirms the elevated-risk association despite study heterogeneity (JACC Asia 2025)
- Nearly 20% of tested Kazakhstani patients have elevated Lp(a), but the marker discriminates atherosclerosis poorly on its own, 3,727-patient study finds (J Clin Med 2025)
- Nearly 30% of Irish lipid-clinic patients have Lp(a) above 125 nmol/L, largest Irish distribution study finds, with levels higher in women (Ir J Med Sci 2025)
- Lp(a) above 50 mg/dL independently flags complex coronary disease with 75% specificity in a 688-patient North Indian ACS cohort (Cureus 2025)
- A critical review examines how Middle Eastern genetic diversity and high consanguinity rates may uniquely shape Lp(a) distribution, a data-scarce region (JACC Asia 2025)
- Why, how, and in whom to measure Lp(a): a review makes the case for prioritising African and South Asian ancestry patients alongside familial and premature ASCVD groups (Diabetes Obes Metab 2025)
- East Asians have lower Lp(a) on average, but even modest elevations still raise ASCVD risk, comprehensive review of Asian populations finds (J Lipid Atheroscler 2025)
- Lp(a) of 30 mg/dL or above raises coronary heart disease risk but not stroke risk in Japan's Suita Study of 5,138 adults (J Atheroscler Thromb 2025)
- Highest-tertile Lp(a) independently predicts both cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in 200 Chinese hemodialysis patients (Int Urol Nephrol 2025)
- Cutting dietary saturated fat raises Lp(a) by 24% in African Americans, more so with smaller apo(a) isoforms (Nutrients 2025)
- First large-scale Brazilian data: median Lp(a) is 13.90 mg/dL in women versus 11.58 mg/dL in men across 115,197 subjects (PLoS One 2025)
- Lp(a) at or above 70 nmol/L on admission nearly doubles two-year mortality in 520 hospitalised ischaemic heart disease patients (Front Endocrinol 2025)
- Lp(a) above 40 nmol/L predicts ASCVD and coronary disease in 2,341 Thai patients (Vasc Health Risk Manag 2025)
- Recalibrating five Lp(a) immunoassays against an IFCC mass-spectrometry reference sharply cuts inter-method variability, Japanese harmonization study finds (J Atheroscler Thromb 2025)
- Lp(a) and hs-CRP rise with age specifically in Chinese T2DM patients who also have coronary disease, across 900 participants (Heliyon 2024)
- Only 1.0% of a 1.48 million-person Northern California cohort ever received Lp(a) testing, with sharp racial disparities (J Gen Intern Med 2025)
- A new short-read caller for the KIV-2 repeat region correlates with Lp(a) protein levels and reveals distinct ancestry-specific copy-number distributions (BMC Med Genomics 2024)
- Only 3% of 150,000 Chinese health-checkup attendees were tested for Lp(a), yet it still predicted carotid plaque and thickening, cross-sectional study finds (J Atheroscler Thromb 2025)
- Lp(a) testing among US veterans rose ninefold from 2014 to 2023, but remains extremely rare and unevenly distributed (Am J Prev Cardiol 2024)
- Johns Hopkins testing rate for Lp(a) rose tenfold over five years, but only 20% of those found elevated got a new prescription (Am J Prev Cardiol 2024)
- In a Korean longitudinal study, higher Lp(a) tertiles were associated with lower, not higher, incidence of fatty liver disease (Medicine (Baltimore) 2024)
- Nearly 19% of a Korean general-population cohort showed coronary calcium progression, and higher Lp(a) tertiles tracked with it, 2,750-person study finds (Korean J Fam Med 2025)
- Lp(a) is rarely tested before cardiac rehab despite high prevalence, German registry of 3,393 (Clin Res Cardiol 2026)
- Elevated Lp(a) (>=30 mg/dL) more than quadruples risk of adverse cardiac events after PCI in 600 coronary artery disease patients (Indian Heart J 2024)
- Lp(a) testing rose 109% over five years at a UAE quaternary centre, and abnormal Lp(a) tracked with cardiovascular disease in 5,677 tested patients (Front Cardiovasc Med 2024)
- Lp(a) distribution varies by ethnicity and sex in 521 hospitalised Singaporean patients with ischaemic heart disease (Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2024)
- Review reports elevated Lp(a) affects 25% of Indians versus 1 in 5 worldwide, and correlated with severe disease in 1,021 Indian CAD patients (Indian Heart J 2024)
- Lp(a) is higher in Black populations and in women, but a lack of standardised assays and cutoffs still limits clinical use, a review (Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023)
- In Chinese populations, elevated Lp(a) is linked to post-PCI thrombosis, aortic stenosis, stroke and diabetes, a review of a distinctive risk profile (Int J Biol Macromol 2023)
- Smaller apo(a) isoforms raise Lp(a) mainly by boosting production, and ancestry strengthens this link, in a kinetic study of 32 individuals (J Lipid Res 2023)
- Black individuals have the highest Lp(a) levels of any ethnicity studied, followed by South Asians, complicating a single universal risk threshold, a review (Atherosclerosis 2022)
- Elevated Lp(a) affects 25% of South Asians and doubles to triples their coronary disease risk, a review of malignant CAD in young Indians (Indian Heart J 2019)
- A key European Lp(a) risk variant found in up to 11.6% of Asians has no effect on Lp(a) or isoform size there, a multi-population genetic study (Atherosclerosis 2015)
- India lacks its own Lp(a) threshold, using a 20 mg/dL cutoff versus 30 mg/dL for Caucasians, a review of Lp(a) as a unique risk factor for coronary disease (Indian J Clin Biochem 2016)
- Lp(a) and apoB are more closely linked in African-Americans than Caucasians, a study of 336 Caucasians and 224 African-Americans (Atherosclerosis 2014)
- 84% of high-Lp(a) patients in a lipid clinic were not on niacin despite meeting treatment criteria, a cohort of 692 patients (J Clin Lipidol 2012)
- Lp(a) correlates with the Framingham risk score in a Brazilian cohort of 400 people, the Ouro Preto Study (Atherosclerosis 2007)
- Apo(a) protein size ranges from 300 to 800 kDa, driving Lp(a) extreme variability, a review of this elusive risk factor (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004)
- Diet and exercise raise Lp(a) by 20% in obese African-Americans, while statins push it up 30%, a study of 343 patients (Atherosclerosis 2004)
- No single gene explains why African Americans have higher Lp(a), a genetic linkage study across three populations (J Lipid Res 2003)
- From Phenotype to Genotype and Beyond: Insights into Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Familial Hypertriglyceridemia
- Lipoprotein(a) and premature myocardial infarction: Mechanistic insights and implications for PCI-era residual risk
- Serum and plasma Lp(a) measurements agree closely, ARIC study of 100 participants (J Clin Lipidol 2026)
- 12% of Vietnamese cardiologists screened at a national congress had elevated Lp(a), even among those with well-controlled lipids, pilot study finds (Health Sci Rep 2025)
- Lp(a)-targeted RNA therapies cut levels by 80-100%, but outcome data are still pending, Korean review (Korean Circ J 2026)
- One in five hospitalised Polish patients has high Lp(a), and male sex predicts lower odds of it, cross-sectional study finds (Cardiol J 2026)
- Higher Lp(a) tracks with more severe coronary disease by SYNTAX score in a 51-patient South Asian angiography cohort (Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab 2025)
- Lp(a) at or above 30 mg/dL predicts severe coronary stenosis with 72.5% prevalence versus 8.0% in a Vietnamese cohort (Front Cardiovasc Med 2025)
- In 1,193 Turkish ASCVD patients, women were eight times more likely than men to have Lp(a) above 90 mg/dL (Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2024)
- Only 212 Lp(a) tests were run per year across a nationwide Pakistani lab network, yet 37.2% of results exceeded 30 mg/dL (Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2024)
- Saudi Arabia first Lp(a) reference intervals, median 50 nmol/L in 361 individuals, unaffected by age or sex (Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024)
- A pilot study proposes a lower Lp(a) cut-off of 21.1 mg/dL for atherosclerotic risk in Kazakhstan, below the internationally recommended thresholds (Front Cardiovasc Med 2024)
- Review calls out ethnic and racial disparities in Lp(a) inheritance as an underappreciated piece of the residual-risk puzzle (J Natl Med Assoc 2024)
- One in three Ghanaian ischaemic stroke survivors has elevated lipoprotein(a), linked to female sex, diabetes and urban residence (J Neurol Sci 2024)
- Review argues Lp(a) testing helps solve the ASCVD risk puzzle specifically for statin-poor-responders and diverse populations (Am Heart J Plus 2024)
- Black populations of Sub-Saharan descent have higher Lp(a) than Whites, yet remain underrepresented in Lp(a) research, a review (Curr Opin Lipidol 2021)
- People of African descent have the highest Lp(a) levels of any ethnicity, yet standardisation gaps hinder screening across diverse populations, a review (Cardiol Ther 2020)
- South Asians face premature cardiovascular disease compounded by elevated Lp(a), a systematic review of 72 articles calling for early, aggressive management (Curr Probl Cardiol 2021)
- The 2018 cholesterol guideline recognizes elevated Lp(a) as a risk enhancer for statin therapy, a review of Lp(a) as a causal cardiovascular risk factor (Indian Heart J 2019)
- Lp(a) correlates with coronary disease severity (SYNTAX score, r=0.36) in an Indian angiography cohort (Ann Afr Med 2026)
- Lp(a)-monocyte associations differ by race in single-cell RNA-seq analysis, 34-participant preprint study (bioRxiv 2026)
- Homocysteine and Lp(a) are elevated together in young-onset acute coronary syndrome, 75-patient Indian cross-sectional study (Cureus 2026)
- Lp(a) tracks coronary complexity mainly in patients under 45 with premature MI, Northeast Indian cohort of 100 (Maedica Bucur 2026)
- High Lp(a) drives premature, progressive coronary disease in a young woman despite optimal LDL-C control, case report (JACC Case Rep 2026)
- Higher Lp(a) is independently associated with diabetic nephropathy in 767 Han Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes, though discriminative value is modest (PLoS One 2024)
- Evolocumab lowers LDL-C similarly across racial and ethnic groups, with Asian patients with diabetes seeing the largest reduction, a meta-analysis of 7,669 patients that also tracked Lp(a) (J Am Heart Assoc 2021)
- Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Disease: From Genetic Risk Factor to Therapeutic Target
- Diagnostic and Severity Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease Using ApoB/ApoA-I Ratio: Insights from a Statin-Treated Eastern European Cohort
- Genetic Prediction of Circulating Lipoprotein(a) Levels in Diverse Populations