Therapy today 268 items
What can be done for a patient with high Lp(a) before the RNA drugs arrive: aggressive LDL-C lowering, PCSK9 inhibitors and their Lp(a) effect, CETP inhibition, aspirin signals, apheresis for the extreme case, and what statins, ezetimibe and lifestyle do not do.
Studies
- OCEAN(a)-DOSE: olpasiran lowers Lp(a) by more than 95 percent in patients with ASCVD (O'Donoghue et al., NEJM 2022)
- Pelacarsen (AKCEA-APO(a)-LRx) lowers Lp(a) by up to 80 percent in patients with cardiovascular disease: the phase 2 trial (Tsimikas et al., NEJM 2020)
- Lp(a)FRONTIERS APHERESIS: pelacarsen replaces lipoprotein apheresis in 25 of 26 patients (Parhofer et al., EHJ 2026)
- Design and rationale of Lp(a)HORIZON, the first Lp(a) outcomes trial: pelacarsen in 8,323 patients (Cho, Nicholls, Nordestgaard et al., Am Heart J 2025)
- ALPACA: lepodisiran 400 mg lowers Lp(a) by 94 percent from day 60 to 180, and by 95 percent over a year with a second dose (Nissen et al., NEJM 2025)
- KRAKEN: oral muvalaplin lowers Lp(a) by 82 to 86 percent on an intact-particle assay (Nicholls et al., JAMA 2025)
- Baseline and on-statin Lp(a) predict events in statin trials: patient-level meta-analysis (Willeit et al., Lancet 2018)
- How much Lp(a) lowering equals 1 mmol/L of LDL-C? The Mendelian randomisation answer (Burgess et al., JAMA Cardiol 2018)
- IONIS-APO(a)Rx and the GalNAc-conjugated APO(a)-LRx: two dose-ranging trials (Viney et al., Lancet 2016)
- Lp(a) risk persists at the lowest achieved LDL-C: participant-level meta-analysis of six statin trials (Bhatia et al., Circulation 2025)
- ALPACAR: zerlasiran lowers time-averaged Lp(a) by more than 80 percent over 36 weeks in ASCVD (Nissen et al., JAMA 2024)
- Lp(a) is about six times more atherogenic than LDL per particle: apoB-based Mendelian randomisation (Björnson et al., JACC 2024)
- Lepodisiran phase 1: a single 608 mg dose keeps Lp(a) 94 percent down at day 337 (Nissen et al., JAMA 2023)
- Muvalaplin, the first oral inhibitor of Lp(a) formation: phase 1 (Nicholls et al., JAMA 2023)
- Olpasiran, a GalNAc-conjugated siRNA against LPA: preclinical development and phase 1 (Koren et al., Nat Med 2022)
- Lp(a) and incident ASCVD in 460,506 UK Biobank participants (Patel et al., ATVB 2021)
- Alirocumab-induced Lp(a) lowering independently predicts fewer MACE after ACS: ODYSSEY OUTCOMES (Bittner et al., JACC 2020)
- Lp(a) molar concentration, not apo(a) size, drives cardiovascular risk; loss of Lp(a) raises diabetes risk: deCODE (Gudbjartsson et al., JACC 2019)
- How much Lp(a) lowering for a clinically relevant CHD reduction? The Lp(a)-GWAS-Consortium estimate (Lamina and Kronenberg, JAMA Cardiol 2019)
- Lp(a) and oxidised phospholipids drive valve calcification activity and progression in aortic stenosis (Zheng et al., JACC 2019)
- Lp(a), PCSK9 inhibition and cardiovascular risk in FOURIER (O'Donoghue et al., Circulation 2019)
- The phenotypic consequences of genetically lowered Lp(a) (Emdin et al., JACC 2016)
- First antisense drug against apo(a) in humans: ISIS-APO(a)Rx phase 1 (Tsimikas et al., Lancet 2015)
- Lipoprotein apheresis cuts event rates in Lp(a) hyperlipoproteinaemia with progressive disease (Leebmann et al., Circulation 2013)
- Lp(a) predicts coronary events but not stroke, and evolocumab benefits at any Lp(a): VESALIUS-CV (Monguillon et al., Circulation 2026)
- Safety of low Lp(a): no excess of bleeding, malignancy, neurocognitive events or AF, but more diabetes: FOURIER (Gencer et al., EHJ 2026)
- What existing lipid-lowering drugs do to Lp(a): meta-analysis of 147 RCTs (Xie et al., Atherosclerosis 2025)
- Only 13 percent of coronary patients worldwide would meet a 150 nmol/L trial threshold: INTERASPIRE (Barkas et al., JACC 2025)
- NLA focused update 2024: measure Lp(a) at least once in every adult, with three risk bands (Koschinsky et al., J Clin Lipidol 2024)
- Aspirin benefits older adults with Lp(a)-raising genotypes in primary prevention: ASPREE (Lacaze et al., JACC 2022)
- Lp(a) levels in a global ASCVD population: Lp(a)HERITAGE (Nissen et al., Open Heart 2022)
- APOLLO: single ascending doses of SLN360 (zerlasiran) lower Lp(a) by up to 98 percent (Nissen et al., JAMA 2022)
- Lp(a) lowering by alirocumab reduces total cardiovascular events independent of LDL-C: ODYSSEY OUTCOMES (Szarek et al., EHJ 2020)
- Potent Lp(a) lowering with apo(a) antisense reduces pro-inflammatory activation of monocytes (Stiekema et al., EHJ 2020)
- Statin therapy increases Lp(a) levels: subject-level meta-analysis of six trials (Tsimikas et al., EHJ 2020)
- Lp(a) lowering of about 50 mg/dL may be needed for a 20 percent MACE reduction in secondary prevention (Madsen et al., ATVB 2020)
- Arterial wall inflammation persists in high-Lp(a) patients despite 60 percent LDL-C lowering with evolocumab (Stiekema et al., EHJ 2019)
- High Lp(a) and high risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality (Langsted et al., EHJ 2019)
- Oxidised phospholipids as a unifying theory for Lp(a) in ASCVD and aortic valve disease (Boffa and Koschinsky, Nat Rev Cardiol 2019)
- A test in context: Lp(a) diagnosis, prognosis, controversies and emerging therapies (Tsimikas, JACC 2017)
- Five years of lipoprotein apheresis for Lp(a)-associated disease: the German prospective follow-up (Roeseler et al., ATVB 2016)
- High Lp(a) as a possible cause of clinical familial hypercholesterolaemia (Langsted et al., Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2016)
- Lipoprotein(a): resurrected by genetics (Kronenberg and Utermann, J Intern Med 2013)
- Lp(a) and venous thromboembolism: a signal in premenopausal women and in postmenopausal MHT users, none in men (Ezzat et al., EHJ 2026)
- Obicetrapib lowers Lp(a) by 37 percent (15 nmol/L) in high-risk patients: pooled analysis (Nicholls et al., EHJ 2026)
- Regular aspirin use and lower incidence of aortic valve calcium and severe stenosis in people with high Lp(a): MESA (Razavi et al., EHJ 2026)
- Twelve years of lipoprotein apheresis for Lp(a)-associated progressive ASCVD: Pro(a)LiFe (Klingel et al., Atherosclerosis 2025)
- LDL-C, Lp(a) and hs-CRP are independent and synergistic predictors of MACE, on and off statins: UK Biobank (Markus et al., EHJ 2025)
- After stopping olpasiran, Lp(a) stays 40 to 50 percent below baseline for nearly a year: OCEAN(a)-DOSE extension (O'Donoghue et al., JACC 2024)
- Zerlasiran single and multiple doses in ASCVD patients: Lp(a) down 90 percent at 201 days after two doses (Nissen et al., JAMA 2024)
- Aspirin use and lower CHD events in people with Lp(a) above 50 mg/dL: MESA (Bhatia et al., JAHA 2024)
- Thirty frequent questions on the 2022 EAS Lp(a) consensus, answered (Kronenberg, Mora, Stroes et al., Atherosclerosis 2023)
- Ancestry, Lp(a) and cardiovascular risk thresholds (Tsimikas and Marcovina, JACC 2022)
- Sex differences in Lp(a) levels and associated risk by age: Copenhagen (Simony et al., Atherosclerosis 2022)
- Lp(a) genetics beyond the kringle IV repeat (Coassin and Kronenberg, Atherosclerosis 2022)
- Lp(a) measurement issues: a mountain out of a molehill? (Kronenberg, Atherosclerosis 2022)
- Pelacarsen lowers Lp(a) cholesterol and reveals how much of 'LDL-C' is really Lp(a) (Yeang et al., JACC 2022)
- Genetically elevated Lp(a) shortens parental lifespan and health span (Arsenault et al., JAMA Netw Open 2020)
- Lp(a)-lowering therapies: a promising future (Zhang, Navar, Tokgozoglu, EHJ 2026)
- Lp(a) and dementia in 539,478 people: no association with Alzheimer's or vascular dementia on continuous scales (Thomas et al., EHJ 2025)
- Lp(a) as a pharmacological target: premises, promises and prospects (Greco et al., Circulation 2025)
- Lp(a) and its significance in cardiovascular disease: a review (Duarte Lau and Giugliano, JAMA Cardiol 2022)
- Efficacy and Safety of Oral PCSK9 Inhibitor Enlicitide in Adults With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
- Lp(a)-lowering therapy would be cost-effective at up to £5,500 a year in secondary prevention, UK Biobank-based health technology assessment (Atherosclerosis 2026)
- 2026 ACC/AHA guideline recommends universal one-time Lp(a) testing, review for endocrinologists on managing elevated levels (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2026)
- PCSK9 inhibitors cut Lp(a) by up to 47%, umbrella review of twenty-one meta-analyses and 231,796 patients (Drugs 2026)
- EPA uniquely blocks Lp(a)'s faster oxidation compared with other ApoB particles, mechanistic study by Libby and Bhatt's group finds (Cardiovasc Res 2025)
- Impact of Obicetrapib on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in High-Risk Patients: A Pooled Analysis
- Mendelian randomization confirms Lp(a) causally raises risk of five cardiovascular diseases, and finds aspirin lowers Lp(a) by 5.4% per SD of salicylic acid (Rev Cardiovasc Med 2025)
- A large multi-cohort study fails to replicate the earlier signal that aspirin cuts cardiovascular risk specifically in high-Lp(a) adults (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2025)
- Colchicine's cardiovascular benefit in the LoDoCo2 trial was greatest in patients with elevated Lp(a), and even more clearly modified by oxidised phospholipids on ApoB (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2025)
- High Lp(a) patients with intracranial stenosis get the most benefit from remote ischemic conditioning, RICA trial analysis of 1,286 patients finds (Neurotherapeutics 2025)
- Meta-analysis of randomised trials confirms PCSK9 inhibitor antibodies cut Lp(a) by an average of 27% (JACC Adv 2025)
- Twenty-six-year NHANES III follow-up finds regular aspirin cuts ASCVD mortality by 52% specifically in adults with elevated Lp(a) (Am J Prev Cardiol 2024)
- Over 1 in 5 of 18,544 bypass surgery patients had high Lp(a), which raised death risk 31% and was blunted by arterial grafts (J Am Heart Assoc 2024)
- Nature Reviews Cardiology essay revisits how Lp(a) affects platelets, and why the ASPREE trial found aspirin helped genetically high-Lp(a) individuals most (Nat Rev Cardiol 2024)
- Niacin-laropiprant lowers Lp(a) by just 18% in patients with the highest baseline Lp(a) and small isoforms, an HPS2-THRIVE substudy of 3978 patients (Circ Genom Precis Med 2018)
- An apo(a) gene variant doubles cardiovascular risk in women, but aspirin cuts that risk more than two-fold, the Women's Health Study of 25,131 participants (Atherosclerosis 2009)
- Hormone replacement therapy erases Lp(a) ability to predict cardiovascular risk in women, a study of 27,736 participants (J Am Coll Cardiol 2008)
- Estrogen plus progestin lowers Lp(a) and benefits women with high baseline Lp(a) most, the HERS trial of 2763 postmenopausal women (JAMA 2000)
- Twenty clinical trials map the Lp(a)-lowering therapeutic landscape across three drug classes, review (J Clin Med 2026)
- Lipoprotein(a) and residual cardiovascular risks in Japanese patients with coronary artery disease who achieve guideline-recommended LDL-C goals
- Comparative associations of LDL-C, Lp(a), hsCRP, and IL-6 with cardiovascular risk: Insights from the UK Biobank and MESA
- No PCSK9-targeted agent beats another for lowering Lp(a), meta-analysis of thirty-one randomised trials (J Clin Lipidol 2026)
- Cascade screening for elevated Lp(a) in relatives of children who visited the pediatric lipid clinic: yield of daily clinical practice
- Linear and Nonlinear Associations Between Lipoprotein(a) and the Risks of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
- IL-6 inhibition lowers Lp(a), meta-analysis of 10 studies and 1,201 patients (Am J Prev Cardiol 2026)
- Early health-technology assessment finds both olpasiran and pelacarsen highly cost-effective for secondary CHD prevention in Bulgaria (Clinicoecon Outcomes Res 2026)
- A practical roadmap for managing elevated Lp(a) today, from apheresis's 60-75% cut to RNA agents' 80-95%, while outcomes trials are pending (Semin Thromb Hemost 2025)
- Pelacarsen, olpasiran, lepodisiran and zerlasiran cut Lp(a) by 80 to almost 100%, with phase 3 outcomes readouts possible in 2026, pipeline review finds (Expert Opin Pharmacother 2025)
- Lp(a) as a shared driver of atherosclerosis, aortic stenosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm, with lowering therapies now in outcomes trials (Annu Rev Med 2026)
- Certain SSRIs boost Lp(a) uptake into cells via serotonin and a plasminogen receptor, raising the prospect of repurposing them as Lp(a)-lowering drugs (J Lipid Res 2025)
- Low-dose aspirin cuts heart attack risk 38% and kidney failure risk 28% in CKD patients with Lp(a) of 50 mg/dL or above, but not below it, CRIC cohort finds (JACC Adv 2025)
- Combined hormone therapy lowers Lp(a) by 5.1 mg/dL in postmenopausal women, meta-analysis of 27 trials finds (Diabetol Metab Syndr 2025)
- Lp(a) does not predict limb events after CLTI revascularisation, but predicts all-cause death once kidney function is accounted for, BEST-CLI substudy finds (J Am Heart Assoc 2025)
- Seven investigational agents, from siRNAs to a gene-editing candidate and a repurposed CETP inhibitor, now target Lp(a) in clinical trials, review finds (Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep 2025)
- Systematic review of 49,871 individuals suggests aspirin lowers cardiovascular risk in primary prevention patients with elevated Lp(a) (Curr Probl Cardiol 2024)
- Reyes-Soffer, Yeang, Michos and Ballantyne argue Lp(a) population screening should start now, ahead of phase 3 apo(a)-lowering trial results (Am J Prev Cardiol 2024)
- Extended dual antiplatelet therapy beyond 1 year cuts ischaemic events in ACS patients with elevated Lp(a), but not those with normal Lp(a), in 4,357 PCI patients (Cardiol J 2024)
- Pelacarsen does not alter platelet reactivity via thromboxane A2 or P2Y12 pathways in 275 patients on aspirin or dual antiplatelet therapy (J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023)
- Nissen and Laffin call Lp(a) an overlooked risk factor affecting 20-30% of the world's population, as pharmacotherapies advance (Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024)
- Bempedoic acid modestly raises Lp(a) by 2.4% while lowering hsCRP by 26.5% and LDL-C by 21.1%, a CLEAR Harmony sub-analysis of 817 patients (J Clin Lipidol 2023)
- Effects of Randomized Treatment With Icosapent Ethyl and a Mineral Oil Comparator on Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein, Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Homocysteine, Lipoprotein(a), and Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2: A REDUCE-IT Biomarker Substudy
- Lipoprotein(a) and Benefit of PCSK9 Inhibition in Patients With Nominally Controlled LDL Cholesterol
- Effect of C-Reactive Protein on Lipoprotein(a)-Associated Cardiovascular Risk in Optimally Treated Patients With High-Risk Vascular Disease: A Prespecified Secondary Analysis of the ACCELERATE Trial
- Adding PCSK9 inhibitors to niacin further lowers Lp(a) by about 15%, a retrospective analysis of 150 patients (J Clin Lipidol 2019)
- Association of Lipoprotein(a) With Risk of Recurrent Ischemic Events Following Acute Coronary Syndrome: Analysis of the dal-Outcomes Randomized Clinical Trial
- Tocilizumab lowers Lp(a) in rheumatoid arthritis patients, unlike other biologic therapies, the Spanish CARMA study of 775 patients (J Clin Lipidol 2017)
- Tibolone lowers Lp(a) by up to 29% depending on dose, a meta-analysis of 12 trials and 1009 postmenopausal women (Atherosclerosis 2015)
- The thyroid hormone drug eprotirome cuts LDL cholesterol by up to 31% and lowers Lp(a), a randomised trial of 98 patients (J Intern Med 2015)
- A low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet raises Lp(a) alongside oxidized phospholipids and smaller LDL particles, a crossover trial of 63 healthy adults (J Lipid Res 2010)
- Full-dose almonds lower Lp(a) by 7.8% alongside oxidized LDL, a crossover trial of 27 people (Circulation 2002)
- Alirocumab slows cardiac graft vasculopathy only when LDL-C and Lp(a) are both raised, CAVIAR trial (JACC Heart Fail 2026)
- Lp(a) drives worse outcomes after PCI and progression of aortic stenosis before TAVI, review for interventional cardiologists (J Clin Med 2026)
- Berberine lowers Lp(a) and apoB more in women than men, two randomised placebo-controlled trials (JACC Asia 2026)
- Only apheresis is FDA-approved for Lp(a) today, review of the RNA-therapeutics pipeline moving to phase 3 outcomes trials (J Clin Lipidol 2026)
- SGLT2 inhibitors slow CKD progression and raise Lp(a) normalisation in patients with elevated Lp(a), TriNetX cohort of 2,813 matched pairs (J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2026)
- Aspirin shows no clear cardiovascular benefit in elevated Lp(a) or high-risk LPA genotypes, meta-analysis of 6 studies (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2026)
- Aspirin shows no overall MACE benefit in elevated Lp(a) but a signal in rs3798220 carriers, meta-analysis of seven studies (Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2026)
- Managing progressive ASCVD in patients with elevated Lp(a) despite optimal LDL-C control, review (Anatol J Cardiol 2026)
- The impact of lipid apheresis on changes of lipoprotein(a): a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Lp(a) and triglyceride-rich particles are several-fold more atherogenic than LDL per particle, review on combination therapy (Pharmacol Ther 2026)
- RNA interference could become the standard of care for lipid disorders, review of siRNA therapeutics beyond LDL-C (Curr Opin Lipidol 2026)
- Muvalaplin cuts Lp(a) by up to 86% in phase 2 without injection-site reactions, review (Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2026)
- Individualised, phenotype-guided dyslipidaemia management for stroke prevention, review covering Lp(a)-lowering agents (Int J Stroke 2026)
- Lp(a)-lowering agents could become the first pharmacological therapy for aortic valve stenosis, review argues (J Clin Med 2025)
- A Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine primer distills what clinicians need to know about Lp(a) risk, screening and emerging therapies (Cleve Clin J Med 2025)
- A clinical practice review of Lp(a) risk stratification and the emerging lowering agents (Eur J Clin Invest 2026)
- The diabetes drug pioglitazone significantly lowers Lp(a), meta-analysis of 254 patients across 7 studies finds (Curr Atheroscler Rep 2025)
- What the suboptimal rollout of LDL-C therapy should teach the field before Lp(a)-lowering drugs reach the clinic, Sarraju and Nissen argue (Am J Prev Cardiol 2025)
- Lp(a) testing is already actionable in primary prevention, Parcha and Bittner argue, proposing a pragmatic clinical framework (Am Heart J Plus 2025)
- Peripheral artery disease patients carry high residual risk from Lp(a), and RNA-targeted therapies could finally address it, Nicholls argues (Curr Opin Lipidol 2025)
- Lipoprotein apheresis remains the only approved Lp(a)-specific option for peripheral artery disease patients with elevated Lp(a), review finds (Curr Opin Lipidol 2025)
- Why, how, and in whom to measure Lp(a): a review makes the case for prioritising African and South Asian ancestry patients alongside familial and premature ASCVD groups (Diabetes Obes Metab 2025)
- A clinical review by Thanassoulis's group consolidates Lp(a) biology, phenotypes and the late-phase therapeutic pipeline for practising clinicians (Clin Biochem 2025)
- Highly bioavailable curcumin formulations significantly reduce Lp(a), meta-analysis of randomized trials finds, contradicting fears it might raise levels (Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2025)
- Aspirin cuts coronary and ASCVD mortality risk by about 50% in people with Lp(a) above 50 mg/dL, review of the evidence for primary prevention finds (Curr Atheroscler Rep 2025)
- Early health-economic modelling of olpasiran and pelacarsen offers a preview of Lp(a)-lowering RNA therapies' value ahead of outcomes-trial results, review argues (Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2025)
- Elevated Lp(a) predicts worse graft occlusion and MACE after CABG, review argues for routine perioperative Lp(a) measurement (Ann Thorac Surg 2025)
- Review surveys ten RNA-based agents targeting Lp(a), PCSK9, ApoC-III and ANGPTL3 in dyslipidaemia (Int J Mol Sci 2025)
- Tamoxifen lowers Lp(a) by 3.35 mg/dL, with the effect nearly 40% stronger at doses of 20 mg/day or above, updated meta-analysis of RCTs finds (Endocrine 2025)
- Systematic review of 20 trials and 6,651 patients finds lepodisiran and olpasiran cut apolipoprotein(a) by 75.69% in hyperlipoproteinemia(a) (J Exp Pharmacol 2025)
- Review by Nicholls and Nelson asks which patients stand to benefit most as Lp(a)-lowering agents near approval (Kardiol Pol 2025)
- Fewer than one in four patients with elevated Lp(a) had their lipid-lowering therapy intensified within 30 days (J Clin Lipidol 2025)
- Randomised trial finds niacin lowers Lp(a) by 11.4% and stabilises phosphorus and potassium in 50 hemodialysis patients (Front Med 2025)
- Review argues an absolute Lp(a) drop of at least 50 mg/dL is needed for cardiovascular benefit as pelacarsen, olpasiran and muvalaplin near outcome data (Front Med 2025)
- Thanassoulis and Anchouche map the Lp(a)-lowering drug pipeline as pelacarsen and olpasiran near their first phase 3 readouts (Curr Atheroscler Rep 2024)
- Meta-analysis of 11 trials finds medroxyprogesterone acetate raises Lp(a) while lowering ApoA-I in postmenopausal women (Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2025)
- Nicholls and colleagues review muvalaplin, the first oral Lp(a)-lowering agent, as it enters cardiovascular outcome testing (Curr Opin Lipidol 2024)
- Systematic review of 29 studies finds statins, fibrates and ezetimibe do little for Lp(a), while apheresis and PCSK9 inhibitors work (Cureus 2024)
- Meta-analysis of 12 trials finds raloxifene lowers Lp(a) and ApoB while raising ApoA-I in postmenopausal women (Clin Ther 2024)
- Review argues an elevated Lp(a) is actionable today, through LDL-C control, PCSK9 inhibitors and aspirin, not just future dedicated drugs (Curr Opin Lipidol 2024)
- Amsterdam UMC case-based review argues interventional cardiologists should measure Lp(a) routinely, given liberal but under-used guideline endorsement (Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2024)
- Review surveys the Lp(a)-lowering pipeline from antisense oligonucleotides to CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing (Eur J Clin Invest 2024)
- Lipoprotein(a) Blood Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction With Icosapent Ethyl
- Nordestgaard and Langsted review Lp(a) drugs achieving up to a 106% relative reduction as phase 3 trials near completion (Curr Atheroscler Rep 2024)
- Weight loss, red wine, exercise and trans fats each shift Lp(a) levels, a review of lifestyle effects on lipoprotein(a) (J Clin Med 2024)
- Kronenberg traces how genetic studies, absent good animal models, first proved Lp(a) causal in the early 1990s (Curr Atheroscler Rep 2024)
- Elevated Lp(a) (>50 mg/dL) predicts failure to reach LDL-C targets in 870 patients with stable coronary artery disease (Clin Investig Arterioscler 2024)
- Tibolone lowers lipoprotein(a) by 7.49 mg/dL in postmenopausal women, a meta-analysis of 13 randomised trial arms (Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024)
- Aspirin may benefit primary prevention specifically in people with genetically elevated Lp(a), based on subgroup analyses of the Women Health Study and ASPREE (Curr Opin Lipidol 2023)
- 20-25% of people worldwide have Lp(a) 50 mg/dL or above, and existing drugs barely touch it while three new agents in development could change that, a review (Pharmacotherapy 2023)
- Beyond statins and PCSK9 inhibitors, several non-lipid drug classes also alter Lp(a) levels, a review through January 2023 (Pharmaceuticals 2023)
- High-dose omega-3 fatty acids cut arterial inflammation by 4% in patients with elevated Lp(a), an EPA-driven effect, a pilot PET/CT study of 12 patients (J Clin Lipidol 2023)
- Anti-oestrogen therapy lowers Lp(a) by 5.92% in postmenopausal women, a meta-analysis of 10 double-blind placebo-controlled trials (Endocrine 2023)
- Statins raise Lp(a) while PCSK9 inhibitors and RNA therapies lower it, a 57-year literature review of pharmacological effects on Lp(a) (Endocr Pract 2023)
- Hormone therapy with 17beta-estradiol plus norethisterone lowers Lp(a) by 67.6 mg/L in postmenopausal women, a meta-analysis of RCTs (Exp Gerontol 2023)
- Nano-curcumin (80 mg/day) cuts Lp(a) and hs-CRP over 90 days in 64 type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease, an RCT (Biofactors 2023)
- Adding orlistat to ethinyl-estradiol/drospirenone lowers Lp(a) in overweight PCOS patients, the first study of this combination, an RCT of 66 patients (Gynecol Endocrinol 2022)
- Bariatric surgery lowers circulating Lp(a), a meta-analysis of 1,551 patients across 13 studies (Biomed Res Int 2022)
- Flaxseed supplementation modestly lowers Lp(a), a meta-analysis of 6 randomised trials (Altern Ther Health Med 2021)
- Conjugated linoleic acid supplements raise Lp(a) by up to 26 mg/L, especially at higher doses over 6+ months, a meta-analysis of 752 subjects (Am J Cardiovasc Dis 2021)
- An Exploratory Analysis of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Inhibition and Aortic Stenosis in the FOURIER Trial
- The Effect of PCSK9 (Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9) Inhibition on the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism
- Peripheral Artery Disease and Venous Thromboembolic Events After Acute Coronary Syndrome: Role of Lipoprotein(a) and Modification by Alirocumab: Prespecified Analysis of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Randomized Clinical Trial
- Soy isoflavones cut Lp(a) by 10% and raise HDL-C by 11.5% in peritoneal dialysis patients, an RCT of 40 patients (Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020)
- Flaxseed supplementation lowers Lp(a) by 2.06 mg/dL, especially with longer treatment duration, a meta-analysis of 629 individuals across 7 trials (Phytother Res 2020)
- Antisense apo(a) and apoB inhibitors could cut Lp(a) by up to 80%, a review of Lp(a)-lowering strategies for coronary disease (Drugs 2020)
- Conjugated linoleic acid supplements raise both CRP and Lp(a) levels, a meta-analysis of 21 randomised trials (Iran J Med Sci 2019)
- L-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 emerge as the most promising Lp(a)-lowering supplements, a review of 152 articles (Clin Ther 2019)
- A single apheresis session cuts LDL and Lp(a) by about 65%, a review of apheresis for severe hypercholesterolaemia and elevated Lp(a) (Pathology 2019)
- Lipoprotein apheresis cuts major cardiovascular events by 94% in US patients with high Lp(a) and normal LDL, a retrospective cohort of 14 patients (J Clin Lipidol 2019)
- Ezetimibe does not lower Lp(a), a meta-analysis of 10 randomised trials and 5188 patients (Sci Rep 2018)
- Ezetimibe modestly lowers Lp(a) by 7.06%, with no clear clinical relevance, a meta-analysis of 7 trials and 2337 patients (Drugs 2018)
- Soy isoflavones do not affect Lp(a) levels, a meta-analysis of 10 trials and 973 subjects (J Clin Lipidol 2018)
- Coffee lowers Lp(a) by up to 11 mg/dL short-term, but boiled coffee raises it long-term, a systematic review of 9 trials and 640 participants (Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018)
- Tamoxifen significantly lowers Lp(a), a meta-analysis of 5 studies and 215 participants (Drugs 2017)
- Raloxifene lowers Lp(a), with the effect fading over longer treatment duration, a meta-analysis of 7 trials in postmenopausal women (Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2017)
- Oral hormone replacement therapy lowers Lp(a) by about 20%, but tibolone does not, a meta-analysis of 24 studies in postmenopausal women (Maturitas 2017)
- Fibrates lower Lp(a) more than statins, and adding fibrates boosts statins effect, a meta-analysis of 16 head-to-head trials and 1388 patients (BMC Med 2017)
- Adding L-carnitine to simvastatin modestly lowers Lp(a) by 19%, a randomised trial of two 29-patient groups (Lipids 2017)
- Lp(a)-lowering therapies range from 20% modest to 80% dramatic reductions, a review of emerging options for cardiovascular prevention (Curr Atheroscler Rep 2016)
- Hormone therapy cuts Lp(a) by up to 44% in postmenopausal women, more than niacin or PCSK9 inhibitors, a review of Lp(a) treatment options (Int J Clin Pract 2016)
- Omega-3 plus vitamin E supplementation lowers Lp(a) gene expression in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, a randomised trial of 68 patients (Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017)
- Extended-release niacin lowers Lp(a) by about 23% regardless of dose, a meta-analysis of 14 trials and 9013 patients (Metabolism 2016)
- A single apheresis session cuts Lp(a) by 60-75%, a review of lipoprotein apheresis for elevated Lp(a) (J Lipid Res 2016)
- Coenzyme Q10 modestly lowers Lp(a) but not other lipids, a meta-analysis of 7 trials and 409 patients (Pharmacol Res 2016)
- Oral L-carnitine lowers Lp(a) by 9 mg/dL, but intravenous administration does not, a meta-analysis of randomised trials (Sci Rep 2016)
- Garlic raises Lp(a) by 55% with long-term use over 12 weeks, though short-term use has no effect, a meta-analysis of 6 trials (Nutrition 2016)
- Ribose-cysteine supplementation raises antioxidant glutathione and lowers Lp(a) in transgenic mice, a mechanistic study (Atherosclerosis 2014)
- Eating fish and a specific LPA gene variant together lower Lp(a) levels, an Italian study of 647 people (Atherosclerosis 2007)
- Adding L-carnitine to simvastatin lowers Lp(a) in type 2 diabetes, while simvastatin alone raises it, a randomised trial of 52 patients (Atherosclerosis 2006)
- A low-fat diet raises Lp(a) by up to 9% and oxidized LDL by up to 27%, a dietary trial of 37 women (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004)
- Diet and exercise raise Lp(a) by 20% in obese African-Americans, while statins push it up 30%, a study of 343 patients (Atherosclerosis 2004)
- Soy protein doubles Lp(a), but alcohol-extracting it eliminates the effect, a crossover trial of 12 people (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002)
- Anabolic steroids lower Lp(a) while testosterone suppression raises it, a study of 26 men (Atherosclerosis 2001)
- Vitamin C supplementation does not lower Lp(a), a randomised trial of 101 people over 8 months (Atherosclerosis 2000)
- Oral estrogen lowers Lp(a) by 23%, linked to a doubling of IGFBP-1, a trial of 73 postmenopausal women (Atherosclerosis 2000)
- Garlic supplements have no effect on Lp(a), a randomised trial of 50 hypercholesterolaemic patients (J Am Coll Cardiol 2000)
- Distribution of Lipoprotein(a) concentrations in children and young people with Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) compared to those without FH: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
- Lipoprotein apheresis: From familial hypercholesterolemia and elevated lipoprotein(a) to emerging roles in peripheral arterial and renal disease
- From Phenotype to Genotype and Beyond: Insights into Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Familial Hypertriglyceridemia
- Lipoprotein(a) and premature myocardial infarction: Mechanistic insights and implications for PCI-era residual risk
- Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of RNA-Based and Traditional Lipid-Lowering Agents in Residual Cardiovascular Risk: A Scoping Review of Key Directions Towards Future Perspectives
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and outcomes in obese or diabetic patients with Lp(a) above 50 mg/dL: a propensity-matched retrospective cohort (Int J Cardiol 2026)
- Prevalence of Lipoprotein(a) Testing in Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Within a Large Australian Cardiology Network
- From niacin to oral small molecules, review maps every strategy for lowering Lp(a) (J Clin Med 2026)
- Lp(a) affects 20% of the population, review of biology, guidelines and the emerging therapy pipeline (Eur Heart J Suppl 2026)
- Lipid-modifying efficacy and safety of obicetrapib in high-risk cardiovascular patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Lipoprotein(a) in familial hypercholesterolemia
- Lp(a) did not predict lipid-lowering therapy escalation in 431 patients, despite growing clinical interest, HELPE-R registry finds (Diseases 2025)
- A pharmacology review surveys the antisense, siRNA and small-molecule agents advancing Lp(a) therapy beyond LDL pathways (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2025)
- SREBP1, gut-derived TMAO, and Lp(a) all feed 'residual risk' left after LDL-C control, precision-medicine review argues for guideline-integrated management (J Vis Exp 2025)
- A structural and clinical review of Lp(a)'s bidirectional risk and the emerging therapies targeting it (J Clin Biochem Nutr 2026)
- Lp(a) tracks with PAD incidence and limb-threatening ischaemia severity, but whether lowering it helps patients remains untested, review finds (Curr Opin Lipidol 2025)
- From niacin's 20% cut to apo(a)-targeted drugs' 80% reduction, a mini review maps the full spectrum of Lp(a)-lowering options (J Clin Med Res 2025)
- A clinician-focused review consolidates Lp(a)'s path from biomarker discovery to emerging targeted therapy (Am J Cardiol 2025)
- Case report: the IGF-1 receptor blocker teprotumumab drove Lp(a) above the atherogenic threshold in a Graves' orbitopathy patient (J Clin Lipidol 2025)
- Review maps twelve active Lp(a)-lowering drug trials, including three phase 3 outcome studies, still awaiting proof of cardiovascular benefit (Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2025)
- Review explains why statins raise Lp(a) by 10-20% while PCSK9 inhibitors and inclisiran lower it, ahead of dedicated Lp(a) drugs (Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024)
- Review surveys Lp(a)'s biochemistry, disease associations, and the emerging case for pharmacological Lp(a) reduction (J Clin Med 2024)
- Meta-analysis of RCTs finds tamoxifen modestly lowers Lp(a) alongside ApoB in women treated for breast cancer (Exp Gerontol 2024)
- A cardiac surgeon's perspective argues Lp(a) testing should refine risk assessment after aortic valve replacement and heart transplantation (Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev 2024)
- Review traces Lp(a) research from Kare Berg's 1963 discovery to five emerging Lp(a)-lowering agents now in trials (Curr Probl Cardiol 2024)
- Practical guidance review outlines managing elevated Lp(a) today while four RNA-based agents complete outcome trials (South Med J 2024)
- Review surveys Lp(a) as a risk-enhancing factor and aortic stenosis driver as ASO and siRNA therapies enter phase 3 (Am J Prev Cardiol 2024)
- Fragment-based drug design screens 61,600 molecular fragments to find a novel small-molecule inhibitor of the Lp(a) kringle domain (J Bioenerg Biomembr 2024)
- Review surveys the full Lp(a)-lowering toolkit, from statins and PCSK9 inhibitors to apheresis, CETP inhibitors and RNA-based agents (Life (Basel) 2024)
- Review finds bempedoic acid lowers LDL-C and hs-CRP well but has minimal effect on Lp(a) (Curr Opin Cardiol 2024)
- Rosuvastatin, with or without fenofibrate, raises Lp(a) despite lowering LDL cholesterol in a post-hoc analysis of 47 patients with mixed hyperlipidaemia (Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 2024)
- Review poses the 10 biggest unanswered questions about Lp(a), from its physiological role to how best to use it as a risk marker (Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024)
- Insulin-like growth factor I may suppress Lp(a) synthesis, opening a novel avenue for hyperlipoproteinemia(a) treatment, a review (Growth Horm IGF Res 2023)
- 42.5 g of mixed nuts daily for 16 weeks does not lower LDL-C or Lp(a), though it reduces body fat and blood pressure, an RCT in 29 overweight adults (Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023)
- How much must Lp(a) fall to matter clinically? A critical overview of treatment targets, strategies and costs (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022)
- Low-cost lifestyle coaching, not just costly drugs, could help manage cardiovascular risk in people with elevated Lp(a), a review of behavioural approaches (Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2021)
- Replacing saturated fat with walnuts or vegetable oils improves cholesterol without raising Lp(a), a 34-person crossover trial (J Nutr 2020)
- Phytosterol supplements modestly lower Lp(a), a meta-analysis of 7 randomised trials (Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019)
- Natural compounds like l-carnitine, coenzyme Q10 and xuezhikang emerge as Lp(a)-lowering options, a review of dietary agents (J Cell Physiol 2019)
- Lp(a)-lowering therapies remain limited despite proven links to residual cardiovascular risk, aortic stenosis and peripheral arterial disease, a review (Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med 2017)
- Lifestyle and hormones can modestly influence Lp(a) levels, a review of non-pharmacological Lp(a) management (Curr Med Chem 2017)
- Diet and lifestyle barely affect genetically determined Lp(a), but new drugs finally can, a review of future directions for Lp(a) treatment (Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2016)
- Ten studies confirm lipoprotein apheresis lowers Lp(a) and cardiovascular events, a critical literature review (Blood Transfus 2016)
- Proving Lp(a) lowering improves cardiovascular outcomes remains the field's next urgent challenge, a Dutch review of current Lp(a) therapies (J Lipid Res 2016)
- Numerous drugs developed for other lipid targets also lower Lp(a), but their clinical role remains undetermined, a review of the evolving Lp(a) therapeutic landscape (Curr Atheroscler Rep 2015)
- Lp(a) above 105 nmol/L flags cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease, but no targeted therapy yet exists, review (J Nephrol 2026)
- Lp(a) at the crossroads: review of emerging strategies to cut residual cardiovascular risk (Curr Atheroscler Rep 2026)
- Investigational agents cut Lp(a) by 80% to 100%, pharmacotherapy review (Am J Health Syst Pharm 2026)
- Lp(a)-targeted siRNAs and ASOs show promise in phase 2, review of residual cardiovascular risk (Cureus 2026)
- A 53-year-old woman with Lp(a) of 492 nmol/L, family history and coronary disease needing stenting, started on a PCSK9 inhibitor (Cureus 2026)
- Adding enhanced external counterpulsation to cardiac exercise rehabilitation lowers Lp(a) in 122 coronary heart disease patients (Open Med (Wars) 2026)
- A 45-year-old with Lp(a) of 180 mg/dL and near-total coronary occlusion improved on intensive medical therapy alone when revascularisation wasn't feasible (Cureus 2025)
- Thyroid hormone replacement kept lowering a hypothyroid patient's Lp(a) for over a year, a case report (J Clin Lipidol 2012)
- LDL apheresis halted coronary disease progression in a 50-year-old with refractory angina and high Lp(a), a case report (J Clin Lipidol 2012)
- Distribution of Lipoprotein(a) Levels and Clinical Associations in a Lebanese Adult Population: A Retrospective Observational Study
- Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Disease: From Genetic Risk Factor to Therapeutic Target
- Diagnostic and Severity Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease Using ApoB/ApoA-I Ratio: Insights from a Statin-Treated Eastern European Cohort
- Lipoprotein(a) Concentration and Achieving Target Values of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Calculated by Different Equations
- A 10-day water-only fast followed by a whole-food, no-added-salt/oil/sugar diet cut Lp(a) by 39% in one patient, a case report (Front Nutr 2024)