Aortic stenosis
Lp(a) does not predict bioprosthetic aortic valve degeneration, unlike native valve disease, cohort of 389 (Clin Res Cardiol 2026)
Original title: Impact of lipoprotein(a) on the durability of aortic bioprosthetic valves
Retrospective cohort of 389 patients (from an initial 909) who underwent replacement of a degenerated bioprosthetic aortic valve (February 2001-September 2024), stratified into low (below 105 nmol/L, n=296) and high (105 nmol/L or more, n=93) Lp(a) groups, testing whether Lp(a) predicts time from initial surgical valve replacement to reintervention. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, and median time to reintervention did not differ significantly by Lp(a) group; Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no significant association between elevated Lp(a) and time-to-reintervention (hazard ratio 0.81, 95% CI 0.58-1.13, p=0.215). The authors conclude that, unlike its established role in native aortic valve stenosis, Lp(a) does not meaningfully contribute to bioprosthetic aortic valve degeneration in this cohort.
Original abstract
Background: The expanding use of bioprosthetic aortic valve replacements has raised concerns regarding the long-term durability of bioprosthetic valve prostheses. While lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is implicated in the pathogenesis of native aortic valve stenosis, its impact on bioprosthetic valve degeneration leading to reintervention remains unclear.
Objective: To evaluate the association between Lp(a) levels and structural degeneration of aortic bioprosthetic valves in patients undergoing secondary aortic valve procedure.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 389 patients with available Lp(a) values who underwent replacement of a degenerated aortic bioprosthetic valves between February 2001 and September 2024. Endpoint was the interval from initial surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) to the second aortic valve procedure either as transvascular or surgical replacement. Patients were stratified by Lp(a) levels into low (< 105 nmol/L) and high (≥ 105 nmol/L) Lp(a) groups. Associations between Lp(a) levels and time-to-reintervention were assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
Results: Out of an initial cohort of 909 patients, 389 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 296 patients showed low and 93 high Lp(a) levels. Baseline characteristics were comparable between both groups. The median time from initial valve implantation to the second aortic valve intervention did not differ significantly by Lp(a) group. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated no significant association between elevated Lp(a) and time-to-reintervention (hazard ratio [HR] 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58 - 1.13; p = 0.215).
Conclusions: In this cohort of patients undergoing secondary aortic valve procedure, elevated Lp(a) levels were not associated with earlier need for reintervention. Unlike in native aortic stenosis, our findings do not support a clinically meaningful role for Lp(a) in bioprosthetic aortic valve degeneration.
Summary written by lp-a.org from the published abstract; figures as published. Page updated 17 August 2026. Methods.